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Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra
The Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra (''Троицкая осада'', ''Троицкое сидение'' in Russian) was an abortive attempt of the Polish-Lithuanian irregular army supporting False Dmitri II to capture the Trinity Monastery. The siege lasted for 16 months, from 23 September 1608 until 12 January 1610.
==The siege==
In December 1608, the Polish army of some 15,000 men (led by Jan Piotr Sapieha and Aleksander Lisowski) laid siege to the fortress of the Trinity monastery ((ロシア語:Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra)), which had been protecting the northern approaches to Moscow. The Russian garrison (estimated at between 2,200 and 2,400 men) consisted of dvoryane, streltsy, monastic servants, monks, and peasants, led by the voyevodas Prince Grigory Dolgorukov and Aleksey Golokhvastov.
In the early October 1608, the attackers began shelling and mining the monastery. Numerous assaults in October and November were repelled by the Russians and resulted in heavy losses for the Polish army. The besieged were undertaking frequent sallies, one of which (9 November) would end with an explosion of a mine under a monastery tower and destruction of an enemy battery on the Red Mountain, with two peasants - Shipov and Sloba - losing their lives during this sally.
There had been no significant military activity from late November 1608 until May 1609, but the besieged garrison suffered many casualties due to an outbreak of scurvy. In May through July 1609, the Russians repelled a number of enemy attacks. On 19 October 1609, and 4 January 1610, auxiliary detachments under the command of David Zherebtsov (900 men) and Grigory Voluyev (500 men) managed to make their way into the fortress. Under the threat of the approaching Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky's army, the Polish forces raised the siege on 12 January 1610 and retreated to Dmitrov.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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